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Political satire is a significant part of satire that specializes in gaining entertainment from politics; it has also been used with subversive intent where political speech and dissent are forbidden by a regime, as a method of Political satire is usually distinguished from political protest or political dissent, as it does not necessarily carry an agenda nor seek to influence the political process. While occasionally it may, it more commonly aims simply to provide entertainment. By its very nature, it rarely offers a constructive view in itself; when it is used as part of protest or dissent, it tends to simply establish the error of matters rather than provide solutions. ==Origins and genres== Satire can be traced back throughout history; wherever organized government, or social categories, has existed, so has satire. The oldest example that has survived till today is Aristophanes. In his time satire targeted top politicians, like Cleon,〔Stephanos Matthaios, Franco Montanari, Antonios Rengakos (''Ancient Scholarship and Grammar: Archetypes, Concepts and Contexts'' ) pp.207-8〕 and religion, at the time headed by Zeus. "Satire and derision progressively attacked even the fundamental and most sacred facts of faith," leading to an increased doubt towards religion by the general population.〔Ehrenberg, Victor (1962) (''The people of Aristophanes: a sociology of old Attic comedy'' ) p.263 quotation: 〕 The Roman period, for example, gives us the satirical poems and epigrams of Martial while some social satire exists in the writings of Paul of Tarsus in the New Testament of the Bible. Cynic philosophers often engaged in political satire. Due to lack of political freedom of speech in many ancient civilizations, covert satire is more usual than overt satire in ancient literatures of political liberalism. Historically, the public opinion in the Athenian democracy was remarkably influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theatres.〔Henderson, J. (1993) ''Comic Hero versus Political Elite'' pp.307-19 in 〕 Watching or reading satire has since ancient time been considered one of the best ways to understand a culture and a society.〔''Aristophanes I: Clouds, Wasps, Birds'', Peter Meineck (translator) and Ian Storey (Introduction), Hackett Publishing 2000, page X〕〔Emil J. Piscitelli (1993) (''Before Socrates-Diotima'' ) ''The Special Case of Aristophanes: Tribal and Civil Justice''〕〔''Life of Aristophanes'', pp.42-seq〕 During the 20th and 21st Centuries satire is found in an increasing number of media (in cartoons as political cartoons with heavy caricature and exaggeration, and in political magazines) and the parallel exposure of political scandals to performances (including television shows). Examples include musicians such as Tom Lehrer, live performance groups like the Capitol Steps and the Montana Logging and Ballet Co., and public television and live performer Mark Russell. Additional subgenres include such literary classics as ''Gulliver's Travels'' and ''Animal Farm'', and more recently, internet ''Ezine'' and website sources such as ''The Onion''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Political satire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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